Reenforced concrete construction



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Patented Aug. 2, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER S. EDGE AND RUSSELL OLMBTED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REENFOBCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed June 24,

This invention relates to reenforced con-' crete construction such as is used, for example, in buildin roads, sidewalks, floors and walls for buildings and the like.

The primary object of our invention is to provide means whereby the necessary reenforcing structures or mats may be constructed easily and cheaply in the field, and in such a way as to impart to them a high degree of rigidity and permanency.

A more s ecific object of our invention is to provi e pressed metal chairs which are adapted to be used in conjunction with reenforcing bars and bar ties in the production of mats having the characteristics above mentioned.

A further object is to provide chairs of this character which will support either one or two la ers of reenforcing rods.

Still ot er objects of our invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a reenforcing mat made up of two layers of bars, combined with bar ties and chairs, constructed in accordance with our invention; Figs. 2- and 3 are isometric front and rear views of one form of chair which we may employ in making a two-layer mat; Figs. 4 and 5 are a front elevation and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of another form of chair for a two-layer mat; Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views, respectively, of still another form of chair for a two-layer mat; Figs. 8 and 9 are similar views, respectively, of one form of chair for a single layer mat; and Figs. 10 and 11' are similar views, respectively, of another form of chair for a single layer mat.

As shown in Fig. 1, a mat made with the use of our improved chairs includes a pluralit of bars 1 running in one direction, W ich we shall call, for convenience, longitudinally, and a plurality of similar bars 2, running at right angles to the bars 1, or in other words, transversely. Each layer of tin mat is made up of a plurality of transverse and longitudinal bars tied togther at points of intersection by bar-ties 3.

We do not claim any novelty in the use of bars and bar-ties, per se, in the making-of 1924. Serial no. 722,004.

various different ways in the construction of concrete roads, for example. One method has been to bend certain of the bars so that they form self-contained supports which. when placed on the ground, support the mat in its correct position above the sub-grade. This, however, has not proved to be entirel satisfactory, since it has re uired the hen ing of some of the rods and as made somewhat more difficult the fabrication of the mats in the field.

Another method of supporting the mats has been to employ removable supports adapted to be withdrawn as the concrete is placed. The use of these removable supports tends, of course, to inaccuracy of work and also makes the pouring more diflicult. Still another method which has been used embodies the use of metal chairs, each chair being attached, usually at the facto to two bars, one at the level of the upper ayer of the mat and one at the level of the lower layer. The units thus formed are shipped to the job and there assembled into mats by means of bar-ties.

By our invention we provide chairs which may be shipped in bulk to the job and there incorporated with the bars and bar-ties to form rigid self-supporting mats with a minimum of labor. These chairs, which will presently be described, are made of pressed meta and areso constructed that they may be positioned at intersections of the longitudinal and transverse bars and there secured to those bars by means of the bar-ties which fasten the bars themselves together. Chairs of this character are shown at 4 in Fig. 1, from which figure it will be apparent thatthe chairs are secured to the mat at points of intersection of the bars without the use of any securing means in addition to the'bar-ties themselves, and with very lit tle additional trouble. Of course, these chairs need not be placed at all intersections but only at a sufiicient number to give theda sired support and rigidity.

Turning now to the specific forms of chair devised by us. Figs. 2 and 3 show a chair in which the connection to the bars is aficenter. This chair has a base 5 adapted to rest upon the sub-surface. Each edge of its vertical portion 6 is provided with a flange 7 to stifien it. One edge of the vertical portion 6 of the chair is provided at 8 with a n tch of sufli ent size to re i t b r is in i The vertical portion 6 is also provided at a point above the notch 8 with a slot or opening 9 through which one prong of the bar tie 3 for the lower layer of bars is adapted to pass. For attachment to the bars of the upper layer there is provided in the edge of the vertical portion of the chair another notch 10, similar to the notch 9. Also, the top of the chair is bent over in the form of a lip 11 which, as shown, cooperates with the upper bar 2.

To secure the chair which has just been described to the four bars of a two-layer mat at a point of intersection, it is placed in position with one of the longitudinal bars 1 in each of the two notches 8 and 10. Then the bar-ties 3 are applied in the usual manner, except that one of the prongs of the lower tie must be passed through the slot 9,. It thus appears that the application of the chair is accomplished with very little difficulty and with no additional securing means.

The two chairs illustrated in Figs. 4-7 differ from the chair above described by the fact that they are secured centrally to the intersecting bars instead of ofi'-center. Each of these chairs is, therefore. provided with a central opening or channel 12, preferably formed by stamping out the two flanges 13 which add stiffness to the structure. At the bottom of each of these openings a lip lt v tie of the lower layer abuts against the lip 14 and its prongs pass through the slots 18. In applying this chair to a two-layer mat it is placed in position from below so that the lower bar 1 rests upon the lip 14 formed at the bottom of the channel 1.2 and the upper bar 1 is adjacent the slot 17. The transverse bars 2 rest upon the longitudinal bars 1 in each layer, as shown. The bar-tie 3 for the lower layer is positioned as already described and bent around the longitudinal bar 1 in the usual manner. The b'artie 3 of the upper layer is positioned in the notches 17 under the bar 1, which is adjacent those notches. It is then passed over the bar 2 and bent around under the bar 1 in the usual manner.

The chair of Figs. 6 and 7 is identical with the chair of Figs. 1 and 5 in so far as the construction at the lower end of the channel 12 is concerned. Its upper end difi'ers from the upper end of the chair of Figs. 4.- and 5 in that there are no notches formed in the lflanges 13 or 16 for receiving the bar-tie. On the contrary, the bar-tie 13 embraces the bottom of the bar 1 directly and thence passes over the bar 2 and down around the bar 1 in the usual manner. Relative vertical movement between the bars and the chair is prevented by the presence of the lips 19 which are formed at the top of the chair and which overlie the bar 2.

As pointed out in connection with thechair of Figs. 2 and 3, it should be noted that with the chairs of Figs. 4-7, also, the

tying of the chair and bars together is accomplished with a minimum of labor.

The two chairs of Figs. 811 differ from the previously described chairs primarily by the fact that they are adapted for use with a single layer mat. Their construction and operation will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings in conjunction with the above description of the two-layer forms of chairs. The principal difference between the chair of Figs. 8 and 9 and the chair of Figs. 10 and .11 is that in the former the channel 12 is formed with flanges 21 and is provided at its lower extremity with a slot-ted straight lip 22 for receiving the bar-tie, Whereas the channel 20 of the chair of Figs. 10 and 11 has no flanges 21 and its lip 22 is curved to conform to the shape of the bar-tie.

The advantages of our improved device have been indicated. Particular attention is called to the fact that the chairs which have been described above may be made cheaply, by simple and efficient methods of production, may be shipped to the job in bulk independently of the bars and ties, and may be applied to the mats formed of the bars and ties with as great or little frequency as desired and at almost no additional expense. It should be pointed out, also, that the addition of such chairs not only provides a positive support for the mat, insuring its being held at the proper level, but also adds strength and rigidity to the reenforcement as a whole.

The terms and expressions which we have employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and we have no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described, or portions thereof, but recognize that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention claimed.

' What we claim is:

1. A reenforciiig mat for concrete structures comprising a plurality of longitudinal and transverse bars arranged in two layers, the bars of each layer being secured together at points of intersection by bar-ties and a plurality of supporting chairs distinct from the bar ties secured to said bars at points of intersection by certain of said bar-ties.

2. A reenforcing mat for concrete strucand in which the bars of each layer are se-- cured together at points of intersection by bar-ties, said chair comprising a base and a vertical portion, said vertical portion being recessed to receive one bar of each layer adjacent a point of intersection, and so constructed that the chair may be secured to said bars and the bars intersecting therewith by the same bar-ties that secure said intersecting bars together.

4. A chair for use with reenforcing structures made of intersecting bars secured together at points of intersection by bar-ties, said chair comprising a base and a vertical. portion, said vertical portion being provided with a recess in its top surface for receiving one of said bars adjacent a point of intersection of two of them, and being also provided with a horizontally extending lug at the bottom of said recess against which a bar-tie is adapted to abut in securing said intersecting bars together and to said chair.

5. A. chair for use with reenforcing structures made of intersecting bars secured together at points of intersection by bar-ties, said chair comprising a base and a vertical portion, said vertical portion being provided with a recess in its top surface for receiving one of said bars adjacent a point of intersection of two of them, and being also provided with a horizontally extending lu at the bottom of said recess against whic a bar-tie is adapted to abut in securing said intersecting bars together and to said chair, and with means adjacent said recess for preventing the bar-tie from falling into it.

6. A chair for use with reenforcing structures made of intersecting bars secured together at points of intersection by bar-ties, said chair comprising a base and a vertical portion, said vertical portion being provided with a recess in its to surface for receivingone of said bars ad acent a point of intersection of two of them and being also provided with a horizontally extending lug at the bottom of said recess against which a bar-tie is adapted to abut in securing said intersecting bars together and to said chair, the top surface of said vertical portion being provided with notches adjacent said recess, for the reception of parts of said "bartie.

7. A chair for use with reenforcing structures made of intersecting bars secured together at points of intersection by bar-ties, said chair comprising a base and a vertical portion, said vertical portion being provided with a recess in its top surface for receiving one of said bars adjacent a point of intersection of two of them, and being also provided with a horizontally extending lug at the bottom of said recess against which a bar-tie is adapted to abut in securing said intersecting bars together and to said chair. and with horizontally extending vertical flanges for preventing the bar-tie from falL ing into said recess.

WALTER S. EDGE. RUSSELL C. OLMSTED. 

